Monday 31 July 2023

Orangutan understands 72 words! Extraordinary Animals on Earth!


BBC Earth on Youtube shows: Azy the Orangutan communicates with his tutor via symbols and can even use verbs!

The world is an amazing place full of stories, beauty and natural wonder. At BBC EARTH, you will find 50 years worth of astounding, entertaining, thought-provoking and educational natural history content.

So-called "Orangutans" are really great apes native to the rainforests of Indonesia and Malaysia. They are now found only in parts of Borneo and Sumatra, but during the Pleistocene they ranged throughout Southeast Asia and South China. Classified in the genus Pongo, orangutans were originally considered to be one species. From 1996, they were divided into two species: the Bornean orangutan (P. pygmaeus, with three subspecies) and the Sumatran orangutan (P. abelii). A third species, the Tapanuli orangutan (P. tapanuliensis), was identified definitively in 2017. The orangutans are the only surviving species of the subfamily Ponginae, which diverged genetically from the other hominids (gorillas, chimpanzees, and humans) between 19.3 and 15.7 million years ago.

The most arboreal of the great apes, orangutans spend most of their time in trees. They have proportionally long arms and short legs, and have reddish-brown hair covering their bodies. Adult males weigh about 75 kg (165 lb), while females reach about 37 kg (82 lb). Dominant adult males develop distinctive cheek pads or flanges and make long calls that attract females and intimidate rivals; younger subordinate males do not and more resemble adult females. Orangutans are the most solitary of the great apes: social bonds occur primarily between mothers and their dependent offspring. Fruit is the most important component of an orangutan's diet; but they will also eat vegetation, bark, honey, insects and bird eggs. They can live over 30 years, both in the wild and in captivity.

Orangutans are certainly among the most intelligent primates. They use a variety of sophisticated tools and construct elaborate sleeping nests each night from branches and foliage. The apes' learning abilities have been studied extensively. There may be distinctive cultures within populations. Orangutans have been featured in literature and art since at least the 18th century, particularly in works that comment on human society. Field studies of the apes were pioneered by primatologist Birutė Galdikas and they have been kept in captive facilities around the world since at least the early 19th century.

Which is smartest of the apes? Deemed some of the smartest apes on the planet, orangutans are exceptional creatures with expressive faces. Overall, the species considered most intelligent among the ape species, apart from humans, are orangutans. A few methods and ideas build this foundational thought on which species are the smartest.

More facts:

Which is smarter: gorilla or chimp? Though the chimpanzees are smaller in size they have bigger brains than the mountain gorillas hence making them more intelligent than the gorillas. This makes the chimpanzees more clever and tricky animals than the mountain gorillas.

Difference between apes and monkeys? The easiest way to distinguish between a monkey or an ape is to see if it has a tail. Almost all monkeys have tails, while apes do not. Also take note of the primate's body shape, size, and other physical attributes. Apes are generally larger with wider chests and almost naked faces.

Apes are generally more intelligent than monkeys, and most species of apes exhibit some use of tools. While both monkeys and apes can use sounds and gestures to communicate, apes have demonstrated higher ability with language, and some individual apes have been trained to learn human sign languages.

African Gray Parrots are thought to be one of the most intelligent species on the planet, rivaling even apes. Some researchers have suggested that these parrots have a reasoning ability akin to a three- or four-year-old human child.

What is the friendliest primate to humans? Bonobo apes are kind to strangers. According to the study, bonobos will go out of their way to help strangers - even when there is no guarantee of any payback.

Gorillas are the largest apes (not monkeys!) and the strongest primate, known for their impressive strength. These powerful animals weigh up to 200 kg, and can lift almost 2,000 kg - 10 times their body weight.

Which animal has the lowest IQ? Ostriches. The bird species dominate the list of animals with low intelligence, including the ostrich, despite being the largest bird. Ostriches have small brains that weigh only 26.34 grams, making up about 0.015% of their body weight.

Which animal has 32 brains? Leech: Leech is an annelid. Leech's external and internal segmentation do not correspond to each other. If the internal body is examined, it can be seen that the body is divided into 32 parts or segments which have their own corresponding brain.

Who would win in a fight: orangutan vs gorilla? Gorillas are far better fighters and far more capable of inflicting fatal trauma on enemies. An orangutan might escape a gorilla by climbing trees, but that is not going to defeat the gorilla.

Humans have bodies that are genetically and structurally very similar to those of the Great Apes and so we are classified in the Great Apes sub-group which is also known as the hominids (Family Hominidae).

Pound for pound, humans are definitely the weakest apes. Muscle fibers come in two varieties, fast-twitch and slow-twitch. The fast twitch muscles act faster (obviously) and exert more force in less time.

Which rarest great ape on earth could soon go extinct? Tapanuli orangutans. Less than 800 Tapanuli orangutans remain confined to the small mountainous region of Batang Toru in North Sumatra, Indonesia.

An unarmed human could not beat a chimpanzee in a fight. This may work for the biggest, strongest humans, but certainly not the average ones.

Who wins in a fight: a baboon or a chimpanzee? A chimpanzee is much stronger than a baboon given that a chimpanzee is much larger, sometimes even twice as large, since only a handful of baboons weigh more than about 50 pounds, while a chimpanzee weighs about 70 to 100 pounds.

Thursday 20 July 2023

Mother who lost her leg after getting caught in airport travelator takes her first steps since ordeal


WION Channel on Youtube shows that a female passenger had her left leg amputated after it got stuck in a travelator. Doctors couldn't reattach her leg. Will the airport consider changing its old travelators? Molly Gambhir tells you more.

Read more about the story here:
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-12277967/Mother-leg-amputated-Bangkok-airport-travelator-takes-steps.html

A mother whose leg was crushed by a faulty airport travelator has taken her first steps again after it was amputated.

The woman, 57, walked with the help of two physiotherapists and a frame at a hospital today after the horror injury at Don Mueang International Airport in Bangkok, Thailand, on June 29.

It comes as police demand the owners Airports of Thailand cooperate with an investigation into the incident after they refused to give officers CCTV of what happened.

The woman was walking along the travelator when her leg 'fell through a gap' and was dragged under, severing her muscles, tendon and bones, according to witnesses.

Paramedics amputated her leg at the airport and she was carried out on a stretcher as her limb was placed in a foam box an put in an ambulance.

The woman was walking along the travelator when her leg 'fell through a gap' and was dragged under, severing her muscles, tendon and bones.

Her son Kittirat said she complains 'it's like being a child learning to walk again' and has vowed to sue the airport over the allegedly badly maintained travelator.

He added: 'My mum walked for 15 minutes and must practice every day. It's very encouraging. 

'She's still as beautiful as ever despite everything that has happened. I hope that soon she'll be running faster than me.'

Airport bosses admitted the automatic walkway used by tens of thousands of people every day was to blame as three bolts holding the metal surface plate the woman was standing on suddenly gave way.

But Police Colonel Adirek Thongkaemkaew, chief of the city's Don Muang district police, said the airport's owners still had not handed over CCTV evidence of the incident.

Mr Thongkaemkaew added he would 'continue to repeat the requests for CCTV' as the force gathered witness statements.

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Interesting Statistics:

Incidents involving elevators and escalators kill about 30 and seriously injure about 17,000 people each year in the United States, according to data provided by the USA Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Consumer Product Safety Commission.

The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) estimates an average of 6,000 people per year are injured on escalators.

More than 33,000 escalators and 900,000 elevators are operating in the USA. While the number of escalators is much less than the number of elevators, escalators account for 15 times more injuries than elevators.

While escalator and elevator injuries are certainly terrifying, the overall odds you'll actually be in one remain pretty small. In fact, according to research published in the American Journal of Emergency Medicine, stairs are the most frequent offender behind injuries incurred while traveling between floors.

There are risks to escalators. If the steps and pallets are not designed properly and made of proper materials, they could simply cause slipping of a passenger and since the steps are moving, it could cause the other passengers to fall on each other. In addition, a wet or slippery spot on the escalator could cause the passengers to trip or fall.

Keep your hands, feet and clothing clear of the side panels of the escalator. Do not sit on the steps or stand close to the sides of an escalator. Once at the end of an escalator, step off immediately. Do not let your feet slide off the end of an escalator.

Do not go in the opposite direction of the escalator. Do not take wheelchairs, electric scooters, strollers, hand carts, luggage carts or similar items on the escalator. When riding escalators: Keep loose clothing clear of steps and sides.

The world's longest escalator system is Hong Kong's Central Hillside Escalator Link. The 800-m. (2,624-ft) long system of covered moving walkways carries commuters between the Mid-Levels district and Central Market close to the waterfront on Hong Kong Island.

There are approximately 900,000 elevators in the United States and the odds of getting stuck in an elevator are 1 in every 100,000 elevator ride.

Hold the railing or someone's hand. This can help with your sense of balance and perception of depth while on the escalator. Some people who suffer from a fear of escalators find wearing practical, sturdy shoes while on an escalator can give them a sense of security and comfort.

About 5 percent of the global population suffers from claustrophobia, according to Villines. When it comes to elevators specifically, those who suffer may fear not just the malfunction, but the fear of experiencing a panic attack.

When you ride an escalator, you might not realize that it's probably one of the biggest and most expensive machines you use regularly. Despite their size and cost, though, they're actually fairly simple machines. Escalators are basically just long conveyor belts.

Reno, a graduate of Lehigh University, produced the first working escalator (called the "inclined elevator") and installed it alongside the Old Iron Pier at Coney Island, New York City in 1896.

Thailand ( Thai: ประเทศไทย ) is officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam. This is a country in Southeast Asia on the Indochinese Peninsula. With a population of almost 70 million, it spans 513,120 square kilometres (198,120 sq mi). Thailand is bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea. Thailand also shares maritime borders with Vietnam to the southeast, and Indonesia and India to the southwest. Bangkok is the nation's capital and largest city.